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M9480532.TXT
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1994-08-20
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Document 0532
DOCN M9480532
TI Dynamics of emergence.
DT 9410
AU Krause RM; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health,;
Bethesda, MD 20892.
SO J Infect Dis. 1994 Aug;170(2):265-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/94308587
AB I have touched briefly here on the complex matrix of social, economic,
political, and ecologic factors that have played a major role in the
emergence of microbial diseases. But beyond these factors that
contribute to the emergence of new infectious diseases, we must also
recognize changes in microbial agents, human populations, insect
vectors, and the ecologic relationships among them. Microbes and vectors
swim in the evolutionary stream and they swim much faster than we do.
Bacteria reproduce every 30 min; for them a millennium is compressed
into a fortnight. Microbes were here, learning every trick for survival,
2 billion years before humans arrived, and it is likely that they will
be here 2 billion years after we depart. Furthermore, science cannot
halt the future occurrence of new microbes, which emerge from the
evolutionary stream as a consequence of genetic events and selective
pressures that favor the new over the old. It is nature's way. For all
of these reasons, old and new infections will occur in the future as
they have in the past. Surveillance efforts, both in the United States
and other regions of the world, will be needed to blunt the emergence of
such infections and to forestall epidemics and pandemics. But
surveillance alone cannot detect the unexpected emergence of future
microbes or prepare the defense against them. That will require a
broadly based research effort to devise new methods of diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention. We must swim with the microbes and study
their survival and adaptation to new habitats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
WORDS)
DE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/EPIDEMIOLOGY Communicable
Diseases/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*ETIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION Cross
Infection/EPIDEMIOLOGY/ETIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION *Disease Outbreaks
Epidemiology, Molecular/METHODS Human Models, Theoretical Penicillin
Resistance Shock, Septic/EPIDEMIOLOGY/ETIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
Staphylococcal Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*ETIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
Staphylococcus aureus/DRUG EFFECTS/*PHYSIOLOGY Streptococcal
Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*ETIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION *Streptococcus
pyogenes/GENETICS/METABOLISM JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).